Angelina's History Notes

Chapter 11 - Mongol Empire Eurasia no new languages formed, no spread of religion small economy, small population strong military economy is based on the raising of livestock organized in kinship-based groups or clans that claimed a common ancestry Mongol women had higher social status adopted Confusionism, supported Taoist and Buddist temples Chinggis Khan-  universal ruler reputation for brutality and destructiveness Chapter 12 - Beginning of the Modern Era The Islamic World Four major empires Ottoman Empire, Safavid Empire, Mughal Empire, and Songhay Empire The Americas: Separated by two large empires  the Aztec Empire and the Inca Empire.

Chapter 8 - China and the World Flourished during "The Golden Age"- time of  immense economic growth from  trade, technologic/engineering developments, new inventions rebirth of Confuscionism examination system based on performance tribute system China considered to be next superpower Chapter 9 - I slam Emerged in Classical Era  Muhammad Ibn Abdullah- Qoran, 5 pillars of Islam doesn't separate church and state In competition with China and other flourishing empires technological advancements Seminal thinker of Islam was born Islamic Empire formed Islamic law- the sharia Men and women were viewed as equals Islam spreads across multiple continents Introduced the idea of Islam and converted people in the urban centers of West Africa Chapter 10 - Christendom began with Jesus  Roman Empire had him crucified Christianity no separation of church and state Constantinople became Byzantine which developed into Eastern Orth...

Intro to Part 3 Ch 7 (Culture and Commerce) - Chapter 7 talks about commerce and culture. Commerce altered consumption and shaped daily life. Trade opened a gate for people to enjoy the goods from all over the world and overall,  brought a big economic change to the world .  This chapter also discusses 3 types of roads, sand, silk, and sea.  The Silk Road  World's most extensive and sustained networks of exchange China, Siberia, India, Middle East, Mediterranean C onnected Eurasia  transported silk, porcelain, furs, spices Buddhism was spread via the Silk Road widespread diseases were spread along this road leading to the fall of the Roman Empire The Sea Roads  paths through the Indian Ocean  China, East Africa, Arabia, India, Mediterranean, Southeast Asia Hinduism was founded in southeast Asia from diffusion via these sea roads Timber was carried and traded via these roads easier to transport bulk good because the sea was cheap...

Chapter 6 (Commodities and Variations) - Chapter 6 of the book discusses the similarities and differences between many different civilizations. Teotihuacan Americas greatest city just like Indus Valley, much is unknown  Largest urban complex in the Americas  Street of the Dead that had large homes of all the elite people little to no interaction with outside people. Niger River Cities apparent absence of a corresponding state structure Each city has a specialized economy, and they traded with one another Men and Woman equal, no social hierarchy few signs of despotic power, widespread warfare, or deep social inequalities Maya cultural achievements  writing systems, calendars Bantu Migration The migration of people who spoke the Bantu dialect in Africa Farmers replaced foragers Pacific Islands Over 100 dialects are spoken No large cities, just small collections of people in villages

Chapter 5 (Society and Inequality) - Inequality Social hierarchy in China  govt consisted of all men peasants were seen as the backbone of society Merchants were looked down upon as they were known only to make money off of other peoples hard work three classes (elite officials, peasants, and merchants) Anyone can move to a different level once you have enough land, you will have the wealth and power. When you have the wealth and power you can move up. Social hierarchy in India the Caste System  (top to bottom) priests, warriors, merchants, peasants, and outcasts Once born into a class, you stay  Slavery in the Roman Empire Slaves in Rome referred to as Barbarians, did what they could do to survive mass suicides of Roman slaves  Slaves made up a third of the population

Chapter 4(Culture and Religion) - Ch 4 discussed various philosophical and important religious figures including Confucius, Socrates, Buddha and Mohammed that were born during the Classical Era. Confucius China 500BC Analects- written by students and followers  Chinese teacher who believes in the power of education and looking for to create a harmonious society through moral example emphasis on respect for order and place in social relationships Mandate of heaven-if there is peace among people, that leader is the correct leader teachings practiced in China/East Asia Socrates Born in Greece 400BC  Teacher who focused on the  “explanation of nature and human life” Students wrote his ideas on his behalf through Dialogues Father of philosophy- developed socratic method "knowledge is obtained through reason" focused on philosophical questioning teachings practiced all over the world Buddha India 500BC idea that it is possible to en...

Intro to Part 2 -   The discusses the fall of the first wave of civilizations and the empires that flourished after including the Persian, Greek, Roman, and Chinese Empires. Ch 3(State and Empire) - Chapter 3 compares the Persian and Greek empires, as well as the Roman and Chinese Empire.  Persian Empire massive empire, larger than Greek very powerful monarchies, who could execute anyone who was in the wrong  don't believe in the gods, no temples They thought it was foolish to believe in gods believe in Zeus believe in sacrifice to nature act  different to those of different classes/status acknowledged status by how they would greet people, if they were equal they would kiss on the lips, if slightly lesser, they would kiss them on the cheek, and is substantially lesser the inferior would lay on the floor women worked, men stayed home Greek Empire massive empire made up of city-states popular participation in political life  ...

Chapter 2 Document - What specific features of the statue can you point out? In the image of "The Man," is a statue with many significant features. The statue is of a tall man of some higher power due to his clothing. His clothing is designed with flowers and he is wearing a crown. He is looking up as if he is holding is head high in confidence. He is also missing an arm, probably due to war?? Chapter 2 (First Civilizations) - Civilization showed up in 7 different locations around the world in the beginning First civilizations emerged from 3500 B.C.E.-3000 B.C.E. in present day Iraq (Mesopotamia), Egypt, and Norte Chico (N. Central Peru).  Other civilizations that appeared: Indus Valley, China, and Olmec. Mesopotamia is one of the earliest civilizations (3500-3000 B.C.E.) Mesopotamia developed the first written language Indus Valley civilization in Indus and Saraswati river valleys (3000-2000B.C.E.) Little is known of Indus Valley Civilization(...

Chapter 1(First Farmers) Breakthroughs to Agriculture to end of Chapter.. - Agriculture has been highly developed over the years, from fishing and hunting to the many advancements we have today is incredible.  The Neolithic Era was also known as the Agricultural Revolution.  During the Neolithic Era, agriculture allowed the population to rise by providing more food for them to survive and thrive off of. The invention of tools allowed them to began farming and planting crops. M any saw the potential of cultivation of plants and how it would impact their land and people in a good way.  Animals provided the source of food and raw material for the people of the Neolithic era. Animals were also tamed and used for other things. S ettlers brought along crops to be cultivated, which started the global spread of agriculture.  Global warming helped by making the soil fertile so the agriculture could flourish leading to an increase in food supply.  As ag...

Prologue - The prologue discusses how understanding evolution is so important for everyone to study. To understand our world today we must first study and understand the Big Bang Theory, the start of it all. Understanding events like this in history allow us to   understand  why we live the way we are living and why we are where we are as a species and country. Studying  these events also  allows us to learn from the mistakes of our ancestors so we do not do the same things they did and work to become a better place. Intro to Part 1 - The Big Bang Theory is a theory that the universe began from a single primordial atom. During t his Cosmic Era the Earth was created, and then we began to evolve as  homo sapiens in the Paleolithic Era. Our panel was a super organism Earth in the Gaiac Era 4.5 BYA.  Homo sapiens first evolved in Africa, where they remained for 150,000 years. Fishing and hunting began. Around 60,000 years ago they began to m...